Latest revision as of 04:14, 23 March 2020

Functions are extensions to expressions that allow data processing and conversion. Here is a list of all defined functions

String functions

concat

Syntax

string concat(dynamic value1, dynamic value2[, .., dynamic valueN])

Returns

Returns a string that is the concatenation of all the supplied values. This function accepts two or more input values.

contains

Syntax

boolean contains(string haystack, string needle)

Returns

Returns true if the needle is found anywhere in the haystack

endsWith

Syntax

boolean endsWith(string haystack, string needle)

Returns

Returns true if haystack ends with the needle

format

A very nice article written by Professor Don Colton, at the Brigham Young University of Hawaii

Syntax

string format(string formatString[, dynamic value1[, .., dynamic valueN]])

Returns

Returns a string that is built based on the formatString with arguments replaced by their corresponding values. Follows the java syntax for printf(). See a quick reference here, or a more detailed reference Reference here.

Each % in the format string represents an argument and corresponds to a value (in order of appearance) in the value list. Each argument can have formatting settings, according to the reference provided.

Example

format('The temperature outside is %.2f degrees Fahrenheit', [Temp sensor:temperature]) outputs The temperature outside is 71.26 degrees Fahrenheit

The %.2f translates to "format as float and use .2 decimal places.

indexOf

Syntax

integer indexOf(string haystack, string needle)

Returns

Returns the character index of the first occurrence of needle inside haystack

Examples

indexOf("hello world", 'l') outputs 2

json

Syntax

string json(dynamic value[, "boolean" pretty])

Returns

Returns the JSON representation of the provided value. If the pretty parameter is true, indentation is added to improve human readability

Examples

json(true) outputs "true"

json(123) outputs "123"

json('Nicole "Nikki" Sawyer') outputs ""Nicole \"Nikki\" Sawyer""

json(myStringList, true) outputs with pretty formatting

"{
  "name": "Jaime",
  "present": true
}"

json(myDeviceList) outputs "[":97e051eb6fea489fa7cf1aaa4cb7c171:",":73d68350942e4555a8c47c36f558681e:"]" since device variables are internally a list of device IDs

"\{"device": {json($currentEventDevice)}, "rooms": \[ {json(activeRoom)}, "Basement" \] \}" building JSON by hand in a webCoRE expression requires any {}[] characters in the JSON to be escaped with a backslash and all dynamic values must use the json() function to safely represent the value

lastIndexOf

Syntax

integer lastIndexOf(string haystack, string needle)

Returns

Returns the character index of the last occurrence of needle inside haystack

Examples

lastIndexOf("hello world", 'l') outputs 9

left

Syntax

string left(string value, integer length)

Returns

Returns the first length characters in value

Examples

left("hello world", 2) outputs he

lower

Syntax

string lower(string value)

Returns

Returns the value but with all lower case letters.

Examples

lower("Hello World") outputs hello world

mid

Syntax

string mid(string value, integer start[, integer count = remaining])

Arguments

start - provides the 0-based index of the first character to copy. If start is negative, the counting starts from the end of value.

count - provides the number of characters to copy from value. If not provided, all of the remaining characters from value are returned, starting with character number start. If count is negative, prior characters are returned.

Returns

Returns a substring of value, count characters long, starting at character number start. Note that the first character in any string has index 0.

Examples

mid("Hello World", 2, 3) outputs llo

mid("Hello World", 2) outputs llo World

mid("Hello World", -5, 2) outputs Wo

mid("Hello World", -1, -3) outputs orl

random

Syntax

dynamic random([integer range | dynamic value1, dynamic value2[, .., dynamic valueN]])

Arguments

range - an integer number representing a range

value1..valueN - any kind of arguments, one will be randomly returned

Returns

Returns a random decimal number between 0 and 1 if no arguments are provided, or a number between 0 and range (inclusive) if a single argument is provided, or a randomly selected argument if two or more arguments are provided.

Examples

random() outputs 0.483 (random decimal)

random(20) outputs 6 (random integer)

random("Hello World", "Good morning", "Hello", "Hi") outputs Hello (randomly selected value)

Tips

To output a random integer between 5 and 20 use (5 + random(15))

To output a random integer between -5 and 20 use (-5 + random(25))

replace

Syntax

string replace(string haystack, string needle1, string replacement1[, .., string needleN, string replacementN])

Returns

Replaces all the occurrences of needle inside haystack with its respective replacement. Multiple pairs of needle/replacement can be provided in one function call.

Regular expressions

Needles support regular expressions when their value starts and ends with a /. For example, '/(\s)/' will match all spaces.

Examples

replace("Hello World", 'World', 'Earth') outputs Hello Earth

replace("Hello World", 'World', 'Earth', 'Hello', 'Hi') outputs Hi Earth

replace("Hello World", 'World', 'Earth', 'Earth', 'Planet') outputs Hello Planet

right

Syntax

string right(string value, integer length)

Returns

Returns the last length characters in value

Examples

right("hello world", 4) outputs orld

startsWith

Syntax

boolean startsWith(string haystack, string needle)

Returns

Returns true if haystack starts with the needle

string

Syntax

string string(dynamic value)

Returns

Returns value as a string.

substr

Alias of mid()

substring

Alias of mid()

title

Syntax

string title(string value)

Returns

Returns the value but in its title case format (each word starts with a capitalized letter).

Examples

lower("Hello there world") outputs Hello There World

upper

Syntax

string upper(string value)

Returns

Returns the value but with all upper case letters.

Examples

upper("Hello World") outputs HELLO WORLD

text

Alias of string()

trim

Syntax

"string" trim("string" value)

Returns

Returns the value with leading and trailing spaces removed

Examples

trim(" Hello World ") outputs Hello World

trimLeft

Syntax

"string" trimLeft("string" value)

Returns

Returns the value with leading spaces removed

Examples

trimLeft(" Hello World ") outputs "Hello World "

ltrim

Alias of trimLeft()

trimRight

Syntax

"string" trimRight("string" value)

Returns

Returns the value with trailing spaces removed

Examples

trimRight(" Hello World ") outputs " Hello World"

rtrim

Alias of trimRight()

urlEncode

Syntax

string urlEncode(dynamic value)

Returns

Returns a string with all characters other than a-z A-Z 0-9 . - * _ + converted to percent encoding for use in a URL

Examples

urlEncode("John's iPhone 8+") outputs "John%27s%20iPhone%208+"

"http://webcore.co/sample?device={urlEncode($currentEventDevice)}&attribute={urlEncode($currentEventAttribute)}&value={urlEncode($currentEventValue)}" ensures that the generated URL is valid even if the event information includes spaces, & signs, or other problematic characters.

encodeURIComponent

Alias of urlEncode()

Numeric functions

avg

Syntax

decimal avg(decimal value1, decimal value2[, .., decimal valueN])

Returns

Returns the mean average of all the values provided.

abs

Syntax

decimal abs(decimal value)

Returns

Returns the absolute value of the argument (e.g., remove negative sign for negative values).

ceil

Syntax

integer ceil(decimal value)

Returns

Returns the immediately higher integer, equivalent to rounding the decimal away from zero.

Examples

ceil(5.6) outputs 6

ceil(-5.6) outputs -6

ceiling

Alias of ceil

decimal

Syntax

decimal decimal(dynamic value)

Returns

Converts value into a decimal. Returns 0 if value is not numeric.

float

Alias of decimal

floor

Syntax

integer ceil(decimal value)

Returns

Returns the integer part of a decimal, equivalent to rounding the decimal towards zero.

Examples

floor(5.6) outputs 5

floor(-5.6) outputs -5

max

Syntax

dynamic max(dynamic value1, dynamic value2[, .., dynamic valueN])

Returns

Returns the maximum of all the values provided. Note: this function works with both numbers and strings.

median

Syntax

dynamic median(dynamic value1, dynamic value2[, .., dynamic valueN])

Returns

Returns the median average of all the values provided. Note: this function works with both numbers and strings.

min

Syntax

dynamic min(dynamic value1, dynamic value2[, .., dynamic valueN])

Returns

Returns the minimum of all the values provided. Note: this function works with both numbers and strings.

number

Alias of decimal

power

Syntax

decimal power(decimal value, decimal exponent)

Returns

Returns the value at the power of exponent

round

Syntax

decimal round(decimal value[, integer precision = 0])

Arguments

precision - the number of decimal places to be retained. If not provided, defaults to 0

Returns

Returns the rounded value with precision decimal places.

sqr

Syntax

decimal sqr(decimal value)

Returns

Returns the squared value, equivalent to value multiplied by itself.

sqrt

Syntax

decimal sqrt(decimal value)

Returns

Returns the square root of value.

stdev

Syntax

decimal stdev(decimal value1, decimal value2[, .., decimal valueN])

Returns

Returns the standard deviation of all the values provided.

sum

Syntax

decimal sum(decimal value1, decimal value2[, .., decimal valueN])

Returns

Returns the sum of sum of all the values provided.

variance

Syntax

decimal variance(decimal value1, decimal value2[, .., decimal valueN])

Returns

Returns the variance of all the values provided.

Boolean functions

bool

Syntax

bool(dynamic value)

Returns

Returns the truth value of the input. Accepts anything as input and will return true if value is either a non-zero number, a non-empty string (with some exceptions, see below), a non-empty device list, a non-empty date/time/datetime

boolean

This is an alias of bool

eq

Syntax

eq(dynamic value1, dynamic value2)

Returns

Returns true if value1 is equivalent to value2

ge

Syntax

ge(dynamic value1, dynamic value2)

Returns

Returns true if value1 is greater than or equal to value2

gt

Syntax

gt(dynamic value1, dynamic value2)

Returns

Returns true if value1 is greater than value2

isBetween

Syntax

isBetween(dynamic value, dynamic startValue, dynamic endValue)

Returns

Returns true if value is greater then or equal to startValue and less than or equal to endValue

isEmpty

Syntax

isEmpty(dynamic value)

Returns

Returns true if value is not set, an empty string, or zero

le

Syntax

le(dynamic value1, dynamic value2)

Returns

Returns true if value1 is less than or equal to value2

lt

Syntax

lt(dynamic value1, dynamic value2)

Returns

Returns true if value1 is less than value2

not

Syntax

not(dynamic value)

Returns

Returns the negated truth state of value. This is the logical negation of bool(dynamic value).

Date and time functions

addDays

Syntax

addDays(datetime value, integer days)

Returns

Returns a datetime that is days days after the value. For negative values of days, it returns a datetime that is days days before value.

addHours

Syntax

addHours(datetime value, integer hours)

Returns

Returns a datetime that is hours hours after the value. For negative values of hours, it returns a datetime that is hours hours before value.

addMinutes

Syntax

addMinutes(datetime value, integer minutes)

Returns

Returns a datetime that is minutes minutes after the value. For negative values of minutes, it returns a datetime that is minutes minutes before value.

addSeconds

Syntax

addSeconds(datetime value, integer seconds)

Returns

Returns a datetime that is seconds seconds after the value. For negative values of seconds, it returns a datetime that is seconds seconds before value.

addWeeks

Syntax

addWeeks(datetime value, integer weeks)

Returns

Returns a datetime that is weeks weeks after the value. For negative values of weeks, it returns a datetime that is weeks weeks before value.

date

Syntax

date(datetime value)

Returns

Returns the date portion of value by stripping off time information.

datetime

Syntax

datetime datetime(dynamic value)

Returns

Tries to convert any value into a datetime. Accepts strings in common date/time formats.

formatDuration

Syntax

string formatDuration(datetime value[, boolean friendly = false[, string granularity = 's'[, boolean showAdverbs = false]]])

Arguments

friendly - false makes the output compact, in the form of 0d 00:00:00.000, while true makes the output more human friendly, in the form of 0 days, 0 hours, 0 minutes, and 0 seconds. Defaults to false.

granularity - represents the smallest time unit to be output. One of d for days, h for hours, m for minutes, s for seconds, or ms for milliseconds. Any time unit below the selected granularity will not be output. Defaults to s

showAdverbs - only affects the friendly output, when true the words in (for future durations - positive input) or ago (for past durations - negative input) are prepended or appended respectively to the output

Returns

Returns a string that represents the duration in a human readable format

Examples

formatDuration(12029) will output 00:00:12

formatDuration(68493, true) will output 1 minute and 8 seconds

formatDuration(68493, false, 'ms') will output 00:01:08.493

formatDuration(68493, true, 'm', true) will output in 1 minute

formatDateTime

Syntax

formatDateTime(datetime value, string)

Known Strings (caSe seNsiTivE)

G, y, M, d, h, H, m, s, S, E, D, F, w, W, a, k, K, z

Examples

Here are a few combined examples:

formatDateTime reference - https://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/i18n/format/simpleDateFormat.html

(We are using the term "Strings" here... They call them "Symbols" on that page)

.

time

Syntax

time time(datetime value)

Returns

Returns the time portion of value by stripping off date information.

Weather related functions

celsius

Syntax

decimal celsius(decimal value)

Returns

Converts a temperature value from Fahrenheit to Celsius.

dewPoint

Syntax

decimal dewPoint(decimal temperature, decimal relativeHumidity[, string scale = 'F'])

Parameters

scale - optional, one of "C" or "F", corresponding to the temperature range used for temperature. The result will be provided in the same scale. If no scale is provided, the Fahrenheit scale will be used.

Returns

Returns the due temperature for a given temperature and relative humidity

fahrenheit

Syntax

decimal fahrenheit(decimal value)

Returns

Converts a temperature value from Celsius to Fahrenheit.

convertTemperatureIfNeeded

Syntax

decimal convertTemperatureIfNeeded(decimal value, string scaleOfValue)

Parameters

value - the numeric temperature value in units specified by the scaleOfValue parameter

scaleOfValue - one of "C" or "F", corresponding to the known unit of the value parameter

Returns

Converts the temperature value from Celsius to Fahrenheit or vice versa if the scale does not match the location's temperature scale (see $temperatureScale). If the provided unit matches the location's temperature scale the value is returned as-is.

Dynamic

if(condition, valueIfTrue, valueIfFalse)

evaluates a boolean and returns value1 if true, or value2 otherwise

least(values)

returns the value that is least found a series of numeric values

most(values)

returns the value that is most found a series of numeric values

previousValue([device;attribute])

returns the previous value of the attribute

Integers

age([device﹕attribute])

returns the number of milliseconds an attribute had the current value

count(values)

calculates the number of true/non-zero/non-empty items in a series of numeric values

int()

//todo

integer(decimal or string)

converts a decimal value to it's integer value

newer([device﹕attribute],[...], [device﹕attribute], threshold)

returns the number of devices whose attribute had the current value for less than the specified number of milliseconds

older([device﹕attribute],[...], [device﹕attribute], threshold)

returns the number of devices whose attribute had the current value for more than the specified number of milliseconds

previousAge([device﹕attribute])

returns the number of milliseconds that have elapsed since an attribute changed to the previous value. If there is no previous value recorded returns 604800000, which corresponds to 7 days.

Use previousAge([device﹕attribute]) - age([device﹕attribute]) to determine the length of time that the device attribute had the previous value.

Time

time(value)

returns the value as a time type

addSeconds(dateTime, seconds)

adds seconds to time, returns the value as a time type

addMinutes(dateTime, minutes)

adds minutes to time, returns the value as a time type

addHours(dateTime, hours)

adds hours to time, returns the value as a time type

addDays(dateTime, days)

adds days to time, returns the value as a time type

addWeeks(dateTime, weeks)

adds weeks to time, returns the value as a time type